Spatial Skills Research - Adnan Menderes University

Research Process

Research Methodology

From survey design and multi-stage sampling to field implementation and data analysis.

STEP 01

Quantitative, cross-sectional survey design; variables are measured at a single point in time.

STEP 02

Stratified + criterion sampling with maximum variation; country selection via Hofstede dimensions.

STEP 03

Krejcie & Morgan formula (n=384); targeted minimum 420 participants per country (7 age cohorts × 60).

STEP 04

Descriptive stats, ANOVA / Kruskal-Wallis, correlation, and two-level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM).

ANALYSIS MATRIX

Normative Values Descriptive Statistics, z and T Scores

Country / Age / SES Differences ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis Test

Gender Differences Independent Samples t-Test or Mann-Whitney U

Correlation with Academic Grades Pearson or Spearman Correlation Analysis

Predictive Power (Multilevel) Two-Level Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM)